Interaction between cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes and chronic hepatitis B virus infection

A new research project headed by Clinical Professor Nina Weis from the Department of Clinical Medicine and Hvidovre Hospital will be studying the correlation between chronic HBV infection and cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes.

The project titled “the HEP-META study: hepatitis B virus and cardiometabolic disease – from biomarkers to clinical practice” recently received DKK 60 million from the Novo Nordisk Foundation 2025 Challenge Programme.

HBV infection can lead to chronic inflammation and liver complications

HBV infection can result in chronic inflammation, and chronic inflammation is a well-known risk factor for arteriosclerosis that can lead to cardiovascular disease and insulin resistance – a key risk factor for type 2 diabetes.

HBV uses cells in the liver to produce new virus particles and may thus change or inhibit liver functions. Chronic HBV infection can affect the liver’s ability to regulate lipids, which may increase the risk of higher cholesterol levels and thus of cardiovascular disease. With regard to type 2 diabetes, chronic HBV infection can affect insulin resistance and glucose metabolism.

Data from Alaska and Denmark

The researchers will be investigating HBV data from Alaska and Denmark. Chronic HBV infection and life style disorders are more prevalent in Alaska than in Denmark. HBV infection relies on the presence of various HBV genotypes capable of causing liver disease. Therefore, the comparative study is a unique opportunity to determine which HBV-associated factors that can lead to the development of cardiovascular disease.

The researchers will be looking for new biomarkers and mechanisms that can potentially lead to better prevention, diagnostics and treatment.